充满暖意的墨尔本公寓楼优先考虑社区营造、可负担性和可持续性
Kennedy Nolan’s warm Melbourne apartment building prioritizes community, affordability, and sustainability
由专筑网Yinglin，小R编译
总部位于墨尔本的建筑事务所Kennedy Nolan完成了Leftfield公寓楼的设计，这是一栋住宅建筑，位于澳大利亚墨尔本内城郊区Brunswick的Nightingale村内。Leftfield公寓的设计优先考虑社区营造、可负担性和可持续性，建筑师将这些要素置于首要和核心位置。
Melbourne-based architectural practice Kennedy Nolan has completed Leftfield, a residential building that is part of the Nightingale Village in Brunswick, an inner-city suburb in Melbourne, Australia. Leftfield’s design prioritizes community, affordability, and sustainability, placing these matters front and center.
Nightingale是一种三重底线开发模式，其涵盖了社会、环境和经济因素。Leftfield公寓是Kennedy Nolan在Nightingale模式下完成的首个项目，并且该工作室在此项目中也扮演了开发商的角色。该住宅是构成Nightingale村的六栋相邻建筑之一，这里每栋建筑都由不同的建筑师设计，并遵循了社会、环境和经济可持续性原则。
Nightingale is a model for triple bottom line developments that encompass social, environmental, and economic factors. Leftfield is Kennedy Nolan’s first project under the Nightingale model and was delivered with the studio in the role of developer. The residence is one of six neighboring buildings that form the Nightingale Village — each building was designed by a different architect using social, environmental, and financial sustainability principles.
Kennedy Nolan设计Leftfield公寓的方法，本质上是关于如何“以少获多”。该工作室着手识别建筑的关键要素，并思考如何确保设计成果能够拥有温暖感、纹理感和个性。此外，让 Leftfield公寓在城市环境中拥有独特的存在感也很重要。“成本和耐久性的限制在多层住宅建筑中可能带来束缚。”Kennedy Nolan表示，“我们试图通过纹理、色彩和宏大的构图来引入个性和存在感 —— 这些是我们认为在有限条件下可以实现的机会。”
Kennedy Nolan’s approach to Leftfield was, in essence, about achieving more with less. The studio set about identifying key aspects of the building and considered ways in which to ensure its design was imbued with warmth, texture, and personality. Moreover, it was important that Leftfield had an inpidual presence in the urban realm. “The constraints of cost and durability can be limiting in multi-residential buildings,” says Kennedy Nolan. “We looked to introduce personality and presence through texture, color, and large-scale composition — opportunities we identified as achievable within the constraints.”
Leftfield公寓的灰色预制混凝土被染上了一种温暖的红赭色调。Kennedy Nolan以此为基础，构建了由橙红色门窗和金属件，以及陶土色纤维水泥板组成的同色系调色板。这些元素与建筑的原始混凝土形成对比。在地面层，墙壁覆盖着压制红砖，这一细节让人联想起墨尔本常见的19世纪砖砌工艺。西立面装饰着有趣的大型“动物形态构图”，Kennedy Nolan 说：“它从Brunswick很远的地方就能看到。”
Leftfield’s grey precast concrete is tinted with a warm reddish ochre. Kennedy Nolan used this to build a tonal color palette of orange-red windows, doors, and metalwork, and terracotta-colored fiber cement sheeting. These elements contrast with the building’s raw concrete. At ground level, the walls are clad in pressed red bricks, a detail that recalls Melbourne’s familiar 19th century brickwork. The western facade is decorated with a playful and large “zoomorphic composition [that is] visible from a great distance over Brunswick,” says Kennedy Nolan.
Kennedy Nolan将Leftfield公寓描述为“经典现代主义意义上的完整建筑，其内部空间表达了与整体建筑相同的概念”。设计师特别注重利用色彩、纹理、图案和构图来提升居住体验。公共区域和公寓内部采用了温暖柔和的红色调以及图形元素；设计师运用了一系列柔软、触感丰富的材料，包括木材、软木、水磨石和黄铜。
Kennedy Nolan describes Leftfield as a “complete building in the classic modernist sense [where] the interiors express the same concepts as the overall architecture.” There is a particular focus on making use of color, texture, pattern, and composition to elevate the residential experience. Communal areas and apartment interiors feature warm and muted reddish tones and graphic elements; the design embraces an array of soft, tactile materials, including timber, cork, terrazzo, and brass.
Leftfield公寓包含28套不同大小的住宅单元，面积从紧凑的34平方米（366平方英尺）单间公寓到更为宽敞的80平方米（861平方英尺）两居室公寓不等。该建筑融合了所有Nightingale 项目共有的设计元素。例如，外部垂直交通是一种鼓励居民活动和非正式互动的方式，有助于建立社区感。“在Leftfield公寓中，我们的楼梯向着美丽的西部长景开放，并通过超大图形和深邃的光影效果而变得生动有趣。”Kennedy Nolan说。另一个常见的设计元素是提供屋顶公共设施，包括一个洗衣房、蔬菜花园以及供居民聚会的空间。一个屋顶圆形天窗是一个尤其值得注意的设计特色。
Leftfield comprises 28 differently-sized dwellings that range from compact 34-square-meter (366-square-feet) studios to more generously proportioned 80-square-meter (861-square-feet) two-bedroom apartments. The building incorporates design elements that are common across all Nightingale projects. External vertical circulation, for example, is a way of encouraging movement and informal interactions, helping to build a sense of community. “At Leftfield, our stairs are open to the beautiful long western views and are enlivened by super graphics and deep shadows,” says Kennedy Nolan. Another common design element is the availability of rooftop communal facilities, including a laundry, vegetable gardens, and space for residents to gather. A roof oculus is an especially notable design feature.
该建筑被誉为“可持续设计的典范”，其NatHERS热性能评级达到7.5星（NatHERS指澳大利亚全国住宅能源评级计划）。Leftfield公寓的能源运营是100%无化石燃料的，因为其能源由可再生资源供应。光伏阵列和电池储能系统抵消了公共区域的能源消耗。建筑的围护结构和材料选择确保了有效的热质量。雨水在场地内被收集并再利用于灌溉花园。大部分公寓都拥有双朝向，提供了自然通风和充足的光线。热泵应用于（提供）生活热水和循环水暖系统。项目没有设置私人停车位——取而代之的是，一个共享的地下室为15辆共享汽车提供了空间，并且建筑内设有63个自行车停车位。项目中有自愿性的20%的住宅被分配给了一家可负担住房提供机构。
“这是一栋在设计时就考虑到社区参与的建筑——一个多元化、有凝聚力且紧密连接的社区。” Kennedy Nolan表示。
The building is described as “an exemplar in sustainable design” with a 7.5 star NatHERS thermal rating (the Australian Nationwide House Energy Rating Scheme). Leftfield’s energy operation is 100 percent fossil fuel-free — energy is supplied by renewable resources. A photovoltaic array and battery storage offsets communal energy use. The building’s envelope and material selection ensures an effective thermal mass. Rainwater is harvested on-site and reused to irrigate the gardens. The majority of apartments have a dual aspect, providing natural ventilation and abundant light. Heat pumps are used for domestic hot water and hydronic heating. There is no private car parking — instead, a shared basement provides space for 15 car-share vehicles and the building includes 63 bike spaces. There is a voluntary 20 percent allocation of homes to an affordable housing provider.
“This is a building designed with community involvement in mind — a community that is perse, cohesive and connected,” says Kennedy Nolan.
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